A theodolite is a precision surveying instrument used to measure horizontal and vertical angles in construction, engineering, and land surveying. It consists of a telescope mounted on a rotating base, graduated circles for angle measurement, leveling screws, and a tripod stand for stability. It is used to establish precise points and alignment on the ground.
Operation:
The theodolite operates by first setting it up on a tripod and leveling it accurately using the leveling screws and bubble level. The telescope is then aimed at a target point, and the horizontal and vertical angles are read from the graduated circles. By rotating the instrument and taking multiple readings, surveyors determine positions, elevations, and alignments for mapping and construction layout work.
