A vertical drilling machine (also called a pillar drill or column drill) is a machine tool used for making precise holes in metal, wood, or plastic workpieces. It has a vertical column, a base, a worktable, a spindle, and a drill head driven by an electric motor. The drill bit is mounted on the spindle, which moves up and down in a straight vertical direction. It is commonly used in workshops, fabrication industries, and maintenance works where accurate and controlled drilling is required.

Operation
When the machine is switched on, the electric motor rotates the spindle at a selected speed. The workpiece is clamped firmly on the worktable to prevent movement. The operator then lowers the rotating drill bit using a hand lever or automatic feed mechanism. As the drill bit contacts the material, it cuts and removes material in the form of chips, creating a hole. Coolant may be applied to reduce heat and improve cutting efficiency. Once the required depth is reached, the drill bit is lifted, and the machine is stopped or reset for the next operation.